Design Principles
In the process of shelf design, the following principles shall be followed:
Consider deformation caused by uneven weight distribution of goods, lateral impact force generated by the movement of stackers or forklifts, and seismic intensity fortification requirements.
Maintain safe distances between goods, between goods and shelves, and between goods and fire-fighting pipelines, and reserve space for fire sprinklers.
Select high-quality steel materials and apply anti-rust and decorative treatments on the surface. On the premise of ensuring the service performance of shelves, minimize the project cost as much as possible.
The dimensional tolerance, deformation and clearance of shelves shall all comply with relevant standards.
Comply with relevant standards and provide calculation documents. For major projects, finite element calculation must be conducted to verify the strength, stiffness and stability of shelves, and comprehensively assess the safety under seismic action. For reusable standard-type shelves, universal calculation documents shall be provided.
Comprehensively consider factors such as usage requirements, equipment conditions, loads, material supply and installation conditions, and reasonably select structural forms, structural measures and manufacturing materials to achieve safety and applicability, ensure quality, realize economic rationality and ensure convenient use.
For beam-type shelves, both ends of each beam must be equipped with locking devices, or provided with bolts and nuts for fastening, so that the beam can be stably fixed on the column and prevented from detaching due to upward external forces. Ensure the connection between the beam and its locking device (or bolts and nuts). During use, regularly check the normal operation of beam locks or the tightness of bolts and nuts, and replace damaged devices in a timely manner.
It is often difficult to conduct accurate theoretical analysis on shelf structures. Corresponding tests must be used to determine the parameters required in the design, or the load-bearing capacity of the shelf structure or a certain component can be directly determined through tests.
The settlement value of the foundation of integrated warehouse-shelf shelves shall be strictly controlled to ensure the normal use of the shelf structure. For non-integrated warehouse-shelf shelves, attention shall be paid to the separation between the shelf foundation and the building column foundation during design to prevent damage to the building caused by the force of the shelf structure, and the uneven settlement shall meet the usage requirements.
The base of shelf columns shall be correctly fixed on the concrete foundation. Clarify the connection method between the shelf and the ground: whether to use embedded parts, adopt a secondary grouting scheme, or use chemical bolts for direct connection to the ground. The diameter of bolts and the minimum embedded dimension must be determined through calculation based on actual loads, seismic loads or wind loads. Small shelves with a height of less than 2.4m for manual loading do not need to be fixed. The concrete for fixing the shelf column foundation must be continuously cured for 28 days and bear the corresponding pressure, and the uneven settlement of the foundation shall meet the usage requirements.
One or more permanent nameplates shall be installed at a prominent position of the shelf. The area of each nameplate shall not be less than 20×20 (cm²). The nameplate shall be marked with clear fonts indicating the maximum unit load (kg), the maximum uniformly distributed load per layer (kg), and the number of unit loads allowed to be stored in each goods grid.